Sources:

Newton, L. M. The Story of the Twelfth: A Record of the 12th Battalion, A.I.F. during the Great War, 1914–1918. 1st ed., 12th Battalion Association, Hobart, 1925.

Australian Imperial Force Unit War Diaries, 1914–1918 War: AWM4 Subclass 23/29 — 12th Australian Infantry Battalion. Australian War Memorial, Canberra.

AWM4 Subclass 23/21 — 4th Australian Infantry Battalion. Australian War Memorial, Canberra.